M56 - Blackboard Ally
What is it?
Blackboard Ally is a plugin for Moodle that uses machine algorithms to provides students and staff with alternative file formats for common file types stored within Moodle.
Ally also provides guidance for instructors to improve the accessibility of their teaching resources. This includes an accessibility score to quickly identify which content needs attention, as well as instruction on improving the accessibility of content that should be used in conjunction with UCL Digital Education's accessibility guidance and training.
Ally also provides a course report, which scores the accessibility of all the content on a Moodle course. From the report, you can see all the issues Ally has flagged, and you can hone in on a specific issue or document to work through using Ally's guidance.
Why use it?
Accessible content benefits all students and staff at UCL. Ally will allow students with specific needs to access formats essential to their learning, whilst giving all students more control over how they access the content. It will also assist staff in improving the accessibility of their content, and assist UCL in meeting its legal obligations set out in the UK's The Public Sector Bodies (Website and Mobile Applications) Accessibility Regulations (2018).
Who can use it?
Tutors and Course Administrators will have access to Ally's scoring and feedback on the accessibility of common files that they upload to Moodle.
Students and staff will have access to the alternative file formats listed below.
Ally's scoring or feedback is only available to Tutors and Course Administrators. It is not visible to students.
How do I access Ally for a specific file?
Ally will run automatically within Moodle. Staff can upload content as normal and will have the option to use Ally's available alternative formats and Ally's accessibility guidance.
When a resource is added, a fuel gauge icon and a download arrow will be displayed next to the file name. Clicking on the fuel gauge icon will open up the file alongside guidance. Clicking on the download arrow icon will open up a menu of alternative formats.
What do the Ally scores mean?
Ally's score is based on the accessibility of the file, such as the file's structure, use of heading styles, use of alternative text for images, and colour contrast. To see all the factors Ally considers, see the Ally Accessibility Checklist.
Scores range from Low (Red) to Perfect (Green). A detailed explanation can be found on the Ally Accessibility Scores webpage.
Ally never restricts student access to content. Even if your document scores Low (Red), students will still be able to access the original document and the alternative formats that Ally provides.
How do I use Ally to improve the accessibility of my file?
Clicking on the fuel gauge icon will preview the file and load Ally's Instructor Feedback Panel.
The panel provides an explanation of the issues flagged by Ally, and in most cases detailed information to resolve them.
In most cases, Ally will advise you to make changes to the original source file.
You can then upload the file again through Ally, which automatically uploads the file to Moodle. A new score is displayed allowing you to see if you have resolved the issue and if any further issues remain.
To learn more, you can watch Digital Education's Ally accessibility guidance video guide (4m 51s). Alternatively, please read Ally's Instructor Feedback Panel guide.
What alternative formats can Ally produce?
Ally can provide alternative formats for the following file formats:
- PDF files
- Microsoft® Word files
- Microsoft® PowerPoint® files
- OpenOffice/LibreOffice files
- Uploaded HTML files
- Image files (JPG, JPEG, GIF, PNG, BPM, TIFF)
The alternative formats that can be produced are:
- Tagged PDF (currently for Word, Powerpoint and OpenOffice/LibreOffice files)
- Audio (mp3)
- ePub
- Electronic Braille
- Semantic HTML
- BeeLine Reader format (adds a colour gradient to make reading a document quicker and easier)
- OCR’d version for scanned documents (Note. The quality of OCR conversion is limited)
How do staff and students access alternative formats?
Staff and students can download alternative formats by clicking the download arrow icon. The icon will only appear next to files where alternative formats are available.
Staff can disable alternative formats for a file by clicking the arrow icon on the alternative formats menu and then selecting 'Disable alternative formats for this file'.
Watch Digital Education's Alternative format video guide (3m 2s) for an introduction to Ally's alternative formats.
How do I view Ally's course report?
You can view Ally's accessibility report on your Moodle course by clicking the Reports tab at the top of the site, then selecting Accessibility report from the list of reports.
The report allows course administrators and tutors to see an overview of the accessibility of their Moodle course. This includes an overall course score, as well as a list of "easy to fix" content and a list of low scoring content.
Watch Digital Education's Ally course report video guide (8m 2s) for an introduction to Ally's course report.
Ally's course report also flags HTML content, which is the content that you have written into Moodle, for example, text in a Moodle section, page, book, or text and media area. This feature is new, and not all issues identified by Ally are actionable by the user. For now, we suggest you focus on Ally's guidance on your documents. However, if you want to address some of the HTML issues identified, guidance is provided below.
Which Moodle content can Ally identify?
HTML issue | How this helps you? | Who is affected? |
|---|---|---|
| The HTML content contains images without a description. | Can be used to identify images on Moodle without alternative descriptive text. | Students using screen readers. |
The HTML content has contrast issues. | Helpful for identifying where you have used text-colour or highlighting with insufficient contrast. You can learn more about colour contrast on Digital Education's Visuals and use of colour guidance (https://www.ucl.ac.uk/isd/services/websites-apps/creating-accessible-content/visuals-and-use-colour) | All students. |
The HTML content has empty headings. | Can be useful for cleaning up text editor HTML and deleting "junk code" e.g. empty header tags. | Students using screen readers. |
The HTML content has malformed lists. | Can be useful in identifying lists which have inconsistent formatting e.g. a list with different icons and inconsistent levels of bullet points. | All students. |
The HTML content contains links without discernible text. | Can be useful for identifying links which have been coded into Moodle but don’t have descriptive text. These links are likely to be old links that haven't been removed from Moodle correctly. | Students using screen readers. |
The HTML content has tables that don't have any headers. | Can be useful for identifying tables without heading formatting. Tables created in Moodle will have table heading format by default. | Students using screen readers. |
The HTML's heading structure does not start at the right level. | Ignore, as this issue is caused by how Ally reads Moodle content. The flag is likely to be discontinued by Ally as it generates false positives. | N/A |
The HTML content does not have a language set. | Primarily to do with SCORM packages. Check with your SCORM developer. | Check with your SCORM developer. |
The HTML content is missing a title. | Primarily to do with SCORM packages. Check with your SCORM developer. | Check with your SCORM developer. |
How can I clean up HTML content?
There are two key ways to clean up HTML content in Moodle:
Copy and paste Moodle content to and from a text editor
One way to tidy up HTML code in Moodle is to copy and paste your Moodle text to a text editor, such as Notepad. This will strip out any formatting.
You can then copy and paste the text back into Moodle, and reformat it. Limiting your formatting is advisable in order to avoid error and to keep content easier to maintain.
Edit Moodle HTML directly
Whenever you write content in Moodle's text editor, HTML is created.
If you have a firm grasp of HTML, in certain circumstances you may find it easier to edit the HTML formatting rather than use the text editor.
HTML warning
Note. Only proceed if you are familiar with HTML code, and even then make sure to save the text you are editing.
To access the HTML of your content, simply edit the section, and above the text editor click the HTML icon.
More information on the report can be found on Ally's Course Accessibility Report guidance.
Caution
- Ally's alternative formats will only be as accessible as the original source file. You should therefore always ensure you follow accessible practice when creating your source file.
- It is almost always easier to edit the source file for accessibility than editing a PDF version of a file.
- Ally's accessibility check does not evaluate the quality of alt text provided.
- Ally does not flag the reading order of document elements. If set incorrectly, the audio alternative format may have content that is read out in the wrong order. Microsoft Office's accessibility checker does check and flag reading order, so should be used.
- Blackboard has been made aware that the colour scheme of the score indicator (Red, Orange and Green) is not entirely accessible.
- There can be some delay (of up to a few hours) in generating alternative formats the first time it is requested, especially for large files. Once the alternative format is generated it becomes accessible to other staff and students, and should be much quicker to download.
- Additionally, when you address accessibility issues in your documents and reupload them, you may need to wait 24 hours (or so) for your course's 'Accessibility report' to be updated.
- Ally does not keep a copy of any of your files, they remain in Moodle.
Examples
- Coming soon
Questions & Answers
Q. How do I improve the accessibility of a PDF file if I don't have access to the original source file?
A. If you don't have access to the original source file, you can open a PDF with Microsoft Word and it will convert the PDF to an editable Word document. Make sure to check the converted document thoroughly as errors can occur. Save the document as a word file to ensure you can use Word's editing tools.
In Word, follow Digital Education's guidance on creating accessible documents and ensure you run the Microsoft accessibility checker tool.
When you re-save the document as a PDF, ensure that tags for accessibility are included in the converted file. For more information on creating accessible PDFs see Digital Education's PDF document guidance.
Q. Ally has flagged one of my documents with the message 'This PDF does not have a language set.' How do I fix this?
A. The best way to resolve this issue is to access the original file before it was converted to PDF. If you don't have access to the original file, open the PDF with Microsoft Word to convert the PDF to an editable Word document. Make sure to check the converted document thoroughly as errors can occur from the conversion process. Save the document as a word file to ensure you can use Word's editing tools.
In Word, follow Digital Education's guidance on creating accessible documents and ensure you run the Microsoft accessibility checker tool.
When you re-save the document as PDF, ensure that tags for accessibility are included in the converted file. This should ensure the language of the document is set to the language of the Word application you're using. For more information on creating accessible PDFs see Digital Education's PDF document guidance.
Alternatively, if you have access to Adobe Pro, Adobe provides the following guidance on how to set document language.
Known Issues
| Issue | Workaround |
|---|---|
| Ally is unable to provide an accessibility score on files that are contained within multiple Moodle folders. It can only read one level. | Where possible limit the use of multiple levels of folders on Moodle. |
Further help
The Blackboard Ally website provides a Quick Start guide, and specific guidance on Alternative Formats and Accessibility Scores.
Students can be directed to the Student wiki guide on Ally.
If you have a specific question about the tool please contact the Digital Education team.
This information is provided by Digital Education
( https://www.ucl.ac.uk/isd/digital-education-team-information ) and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
